โ†

๐Ÿ“„ Earnings Call Transcript ๋ฒˆ์—ญ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๐Ÿ“Š Presentation

Original Translation
NovaGold Resources Inc. (TSX:NG:CA) Q3 2025 Earnings Call October 1, 2025 11:00 AM EDT


Company Participants

Melanie Hennessey - Vice President of Corporate Communications
Thomas Kaplan - Chairman of the Board
Greg Lang - President, CEO & Non-Independent Director
Peter Adamek - CFO & VP


Conference Call Participants

Soundarya Iyer - B. Riley Securities, Inc., Research Division


Presentation


Operator

Thank you for standing by. This is the conference operator. Welcome to the NovaGold 2025 Third Quarter Report and Donlin Gold Update Conference Call and Webcast. [Operator Instructions] The conference is being recorded.
NovaGold Resources Inc. (TSX:NG:CA) 2025๋…„ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ 2025๋…„ 10์›” 1์ผ ์˜ค์ „ 11์‹œ (๋™๋ถ€ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ)

์ฐธ์„์ž

ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ฐธ์„์ž
Melanie Hennessey - ๊ธฐ์—… ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ
Thomas Kaplan - ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ ์˜์žฅ
Greg Lang - ์‚ฌ์žฅ, CEO ๊ฒธ ๋น„๋…๋ฆฝ์ด์‚ฌ
Peter Adamek - CFO ๊ฒธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ

์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ ์ฐธ์„์ž
Soundarya Iyer - B. Riley Securities, Inc., ๋ฆฌ์„œ์น˜ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ

๋ฐœํ‘œ

์˜คํผ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ

๋Œ€๊ธฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์˜คํผ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. NovaGold 2025๋…„ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๋ฐ Donlin Gold ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ๊ณผ ์›น์บ์ŠคํŠธ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜คํผ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์‚ฌํ•ญ] ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋…น์Œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[Operator Instructions]

I would now like to turn the conference over to Melanie Hennessey, Vice President, Corporate Communications. Please go ahead. Melanie Hennessey
Vice President of Corporate Communications

Thank you, Ashiya. Good morning, everyone. We are pleased that you have joined us for NovaGold's 2025 Third Quarter Webcast and Conference Call and for an update on the Donlin Gold project. On today's call, we have NovaGold's Chairman, Dr. Thomas Kaplan; President and CEO, Greg Lang; and Peter Adamek, NovaGold's Vice President and CFO. At the end of the webcast, we will take questions by phone. Additionally, we will respond to questions received by e-mail.
[์šด์˜์ž ์•ˆ๋‚ด]

์ด์ œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹ˆ ํ—ค๋„ค์‹œ(Melanie Hennessey) ๊ธฐ์—… ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.

๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹ˆ ํ—ค๋„ค์‹œ
๊ธฐ์—… ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ

์•„์‹œ์•ผ, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. NovaGold์˜ 2025๋…„ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์›น์บ์ŠคํŠธ ๋ฐ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ๊ณผ Donlin Gold ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ†ตํ™”์—๋Š” NovaGold์˜ ํšŒ์žฅ์ธ ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์นดํ”Œ๋ž€(Thomas Kaplan) ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ, ๊ทธ๋ ‰ ๋žญ(Greg Lang) ์‚ฌ์žฅ ๊ฒธ CEO, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  NovaGold์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ ๊ฒธ CFO์ธ ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์•„๋‹ค๋ฉ•(Peter Adamek)์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›น์บ์ŠคํŠธ ๋ง๋ฏธ์— ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—๋„ ๋‹ต๋ณ€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I would like to remind you as stated on Slide 3, any statements made today may contain forward-looking information, such as projections and goals, which are likely to involve risk detailed in our various EDGAR and SEDAR filings and forward-looking disclaimers included in this presentation. With that, I will now turn the presentation over to Dr. Thomas Kaplan. Thomas Kaplan

Thank you very much, Melanie, and thank you to all of those who are joining our call today. Obviously, we have quite a bit to discuss with you. But I'm happy to say that it's really all very, very good news.
์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 3์— ๋ช…์‹œ๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ˆ์ธก์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ EDGAR ๋ฐ SEDAR ๊ณต์‹œ์„œ๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋ณธ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ฉด์ฑ…์กฐํ•ญ์— ์ƒ์„ธํžˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์นดํ”Œ๋ž€ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋„˜๊ฒจ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์นดํ”Œ๋ž€

๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹ˆ, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And what I expect will be the beginning of a consistent pattern of progress that is going to amply [indiscernible] and our stakeholders. As you can see, we are building the path to what will be quite literally the largest single gold mine in the United States. This comes at a time when we're not only in the foothills of a historic gold bull market, but also comes at a time when both the concept of money as well as jurisdictional safety are more important than ever before. Many years ago, when I spoke about jurisdictional safety, people thought I was being a little bit alarmist. But they couldn't avoid the fact that I had standing in South Africa, in Zimbabwe and Congo.๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ [์‹๋ณ„๋ถˆ๊ฐ€]ํ•  ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ์ง„์ „ ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์ด ๋  ๊ธธ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์žฅ์˜ ์ดˆ์ž…์— ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ™”ํ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์ด ๊ทธ ์–ด๋А ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋…„ ์ „ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ฒฝ๋ณด์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ, ์ง๋ฐ”๋ธŒ์›จ, ์ฝฉ๊ณ ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์Œ“์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ถ€์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So I knew whereof I spoke before I went into the energy business in the United States and ultimately went back into gold and silver mining. Building what will be America's largest gold mine makes it a strategic asset with potential sources of funding from nations that is really the best that we've ever seen in our lifetimes. Let me take you now to Slide 5. We refer to this as the catalytic transaction. And the reason for that is, as many of you know, since 2021, when we announced to the world with our partner, Barrick, that we were going to feasibility. To put it simply, we were held back.์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ง„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์€ ์ฑ„๊ตด์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋žต์  ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ƒ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์› ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์›์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 5๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด‰๋งค์  ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜(catalytic transaction)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, 2021๋…„ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์ธ ๋ฐฐ๋ฆญ(Barrick)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
If we had managed to proceed as pledged, we'd already be through the feasibility, through financing and very possibly breaking ground on construction. So we have some time to catch up. But very importantly, we also have the opportunity to catch up with our share price. Earlier this year, we touched a low of $2 and change. We are now close to double digits. And when I said that I do believe that the stock would go from $3 or $3.50 back to the $12 to $15 area, just as our first stop, in fact, essentially, going back to where we were before we were paused in our progress, it may have come across as rather bold.๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ์†ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฏธ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค ์ฐฉ๊ณต๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ดˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ €์ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ž๋ฆฟ์ˆ˜์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ 3๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 3.50๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 12๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 15๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ - ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง„์ „์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ - ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ ธ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Well, what you can see here, and this chart is clearly out of date because it should extend up on the right-hand side considerably more over the last few days. What you see is that a fire was ignited when we swapped a partner with whom we were not aligned with a partner with whom we are perfectly aligned. So essentially, what you're seeing is a revaluation of NovaGold. For those of you who have been with us for a very long time, all I can say is I wish this had happened earlier, but it really was outside of our control. But I can assure you, the first opportunity that we had to put it back into our control, we took it.์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ๊ตฌ์‹์ธ๋ฐ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ์ธก ์ƒ๋‹จ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’์ด ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋œป์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋กœ ๊ต์ฒดํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์ด ์ ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ฒƒ์€ NovaGold์˜ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ €ํฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜๋Š”, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์‰ฌ์›€๋งŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ–์˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ†ต์ œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์™”์„ ๋•Œ, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And as we can see from this price chart, our investors haven't really had to look back. And as far as we can see, this is just the beginning. On Slide #6, you see [indiscernible] just getting where we were in '21 takes us to the $12 to $15 area. And I believe that from there, we double again. Historically, we outperformed the GDXJ.๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์ €ํฌ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋’ค๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ์‹œ์ž‘์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 6๋ฒˆ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, [์‹๋ณ„๋ถˆ๊ฐ€] 2021๋…„ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ 12๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 15๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” GDXJ๋ฅผ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
In fact, we've always been, until the last few years, one of the go-to stocks in the gold development space because when an investor, if there were an investor is interested in that space, would ask the question of a broker, where can we get access to a great asset that's well managed, responsibly managed, but also in a jurisdiction where we might actually want to visit, we were able to get some of that flow. I think that, that flow, which is now turning into a torrent is going to benefit NovaGold as much as, if not more than any other large-scale development story for reasons which I will be explaining. But with this chart, you see 2 things.์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฃผ์š” ํˆฌ์ž ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ปค์—๊ฒŒ "์ž˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋””์ธ๊ฐ€?"๋ผ๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž๊ธˆ ์œ ์ž…์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธ‰๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž๊ธˆ ํ๋ฆ„์ด NovaGold์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๋งŒํผ, ์•„๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆด ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Number one, our historic outperformance versus the GDXJ, but also I don't want to be distortive. If you look at where we went from peak to trough earlier this year, that was entirely the product of not having the right partner with us in this story. And the reversal, the beginning of the reversal, Phase 1 to take us back to the $12 to $15 area is because we have a perfectly aligned partner with gold at our backs. Slide #7.์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, GDXJ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์šฐ์ˆ˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ, ์™œ๊ณกํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ดˆ ๊ณ ์ ์—์„œ ์ €์ ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ•˜๋ฝ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์ „, ๋ฐ˜์ „์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ธ 1๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 12๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 15๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋’ค์— ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 7๋ฒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
When we talk about that Phase 2, which takes us from $12 to $15 to $30, which in full transparency is the target price that both John Paulson and I have set for where the stock really should be now and would have been if we weren't set back over the last few years, this is classic. We are now on the path to re-rating across the development phases of our progress to America's largest gold mine. This isn't actually rocket science. And if anything, the gold price and the revaluation and reappreciation of gold as a monetary asset that you want to own and if it's in the ground, you want to own it in a place where the rule of law is not a novelty has only grown in our favor.2๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ 12๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 15๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  30๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด, 30๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์กด ํด์Šจ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋กœ, ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์งˆ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฃผ์‹์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธธ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋กœ์ผ“ ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ํ™”ํ ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ธ์‹ - ์ฆ‰, ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋•…์†์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฒ•์น˜์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ž์‚ฐ - ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋”์šฑ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This advantage has been [indiscernible] can see on Slide #8 by having the Paulson team with us. John is someone that I've known, worked with and loved as a partner and as a friend for well over 15 years. He is the archetype, a paradigm of a mensch, of somebody whose word is their bond. And we've had nothing but a great business experience. And in fact, the negotiation of this deal reflected that. He always put himself into the other side's shoes in order to be able to make a deal a true win-win.์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ์ ์€ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 8๋ฒˆ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํด์Šจ ํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ [์Œ์„ฑ๋ถˆ๋ช…ํ™•]ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กด์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ 15๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ, ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ์ •๋ง ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ, ๊ทธ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ ์ธ ๋ฉ˜์‰ฌ(mensch)๋กœ์„œ, ๋ง ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์•ฝ์†์ธ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋งŒ์„ ์Œ“์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์œˆ-์œˆ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I don't have to say much about John Paulson other than if there's anyone who is famous for identifying the big trade and finding the vehicle with which [indiscernible] to multiply his and his shareholders' money, it's John Paulson. He did so very famously during the subprime crisis, but he's also done that in a way that is maybe even unique among big generalist investors in the gold space with specific stocks that he has served as a catalyst for being able to recharge them and remultiply their value.์กด ํด์Šจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋น… ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ [๋ถˆ๋ช…ํ™•] ์ฆ์‹์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์กด ํด์Šจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ์œ„๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ œ๋„ˆ๋Ÿด๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ๋„ ์•„๋งˆ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์ข…๋ชฉ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด‰๋งค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์žฌ์ฆ์‹์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
If you look at Slide 9, you have a great case study with the turnaround of Detour Gold, where it was the nomination and the putting in of John's director slate that led to the optimization of the mine plan. And ultimately, Detour acquiring Kirkland Lake and Agnico acquiring Detour. And anybody who has stayed in over that time is probably up about 500% during a period that we know is not characterized by such outsized wins.์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 9๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, Detour Gold์˜ ํ„ด์–ด๋ผ์šด๋“œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ€์ด์Šค ์Šคํ„ฐ๋””๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. John์˜ ์ด์‚ฌ์ง„ ๋ช…๋‹จ ์ง€๋ช…๊ณผ ์„ ์ž„์ด ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ๊ณ„ํš ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ๊ณ , ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Detour๊ฐ€ Kirkland Lake๋ฅผ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  Agnico๊ฐ€ Detour๋ฅผ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์•ฝ 500% ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ํŠน์ง•์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
If you look at Slide 10, more recently, you have a case study of what the Paulson team has done to be able to take Perpetua from what was a year or so ago a $3 stock now well into the $20s on the back of its gold and its being a critical mineral provider for the United States. When you look at the different tranches along the way, you can clearly see a thoughtful as well as a successfully impactful value creation model for both Detour and Perpetua. Now for something a little bit different. If we go to Slide 11, this is not as egotistical as it seems.์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 10์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ํด์Šจ ํŒ€์ด Perpetua๋ฅผ 1๋…„ ์ „์ฏค 3๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ 20๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ํŠธ๋žœ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, Detour์™€ Perpetua ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ฐฝ์ถœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์ œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 11๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ์ž๋งŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's -- in order to be able to underscore certain points which I would like to make to shareholders of NovaGold, many of whom over the years have become very close personal friends and there are a few things that really aren't spoken about as much at this time as I think perhaps should be. Fortunately, they are, for better or worse, all pointing to NovaGold as being the Holy Grail in the gold space. For many, many years, and this is just simply to validate the statement, I have argued, going back to $550 gold that the first equilibrium price for gold would be between $3,000 and $5,000. Why $3,000 and $5,000, I was asked and I said because I easily see it when it breaks out going to $5,000.์ด๋Š” -- NovaGold์˜ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ์ข‹๋“  ๋‚˜์˜๋“  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด NovaGold๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ฐฐ(Holy Grail)์ž„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๋ฐœ์–ธ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ, ๊ธˆ๊ฐ’์ด 550๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜€๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธˆ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ท ํ˜• ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด 3,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 5,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ 3,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 5,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒ๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ๊ฐ’์ด ๋ŒํŒŒํ•  ๋•Œ 5,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And as things get more volatile, perhaps correcting to $3,000 before it goes to another area. In some of the interviews I gave to David Rubenstein, some in writing, I made mention of my view that $3,000 to $5,000 was the first equilibrium level based on the fundamentals that I saw at the time, and I must pause to say that this is before the global financial crisis. I knew when this happened that, that forecast would be superseded by another one. But as gold was staying in a trading range, I saw no reason to ruin whatever credibility I'd lost by saying publicly when gold was $550 that I saw it multiplying tenfold to just basically keep my mouth shut and maybe allude to it.์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด์„œ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— 3,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์กฐ์ •๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ๋ฃจ๋ฒค์Šคํƒ€์ธ๊ณผ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‹น์‹œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ํŽ€๋”๋ฉ˜ํ„ธ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ 3,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 5,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ท ํ˜• ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ์ด์ „์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์ „๋ง์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธˆ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ๊ธˆ์ด 550๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ผ ๋•Œ 10๋ฐฐ ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋” ๋ง์น  ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ž…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•”์‹œ ์ •๋„๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Well, I'd like to take you to Slide 12 and revisit some of the important fundamentals for gold. Gold is in a major, major, major bull market. And for years, I have said when asked what can go wrong in my thesis. The one thing that has made me nervous is that I couldn't find a reason. This goes back now to 2007, 2008. And if anything, everything that has transpired since then has only affirmed in my mind that there's a reason why the prudent man rule was devised in order to measure the risk of all assets against what was viewed as the safest asset, gold. Now gold is definitely money. People have definitions of what money is, what a currency is.์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 12๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŽ€๋”๋ฉ˜ํ„ธ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์€ ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์žฅ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ œ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋А๋ƒ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค, ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 2007๋…„, 2008๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์†์—์„œ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž ์›์น™(prudent man rule)์ด ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”์šฑ ํ™•์‹ ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์›์น™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž์‚ฐ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ธˆ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ™”ํ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ™”ํ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ํ†ตํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But the reality is that nothing has had a longer pedigree as a historic safe haven. Certainly, those who said that, that no longer exists have missed out on the early stages, the early innings of what I see is gold being in a much bigger bull market than what we've seen. It's proven to be a fabulous asset diversifier. It's been a protection against deflation. It's been a protection against inflation. The emerging market demand has been exquisite. I've said for so many years, whenever you see the Indians and the Chinese competing over who can be the biggest buyer of a scarce asset, you just want to own some of it.ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์•ˆ์ „์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์˜ค๋žœ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธˆ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ตญ๋ฉด์„ ๋†“์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ž„์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ํฅ์‹œ์žฅ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ณ„์† ๋งํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋„์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ตฌ๋งค์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Every Indian, every Chinese since the dawn of mankind who has placed faith in gold is making a killing. We call that in psychology positive reinforcement. More importantly, every investment banker who had the guts to say we shouldn't sell our gold or even was willing to bet a body part that they should be buying gold has probably been issued the order of the Fatherland for their prescience. They have seen the revaluation of gold which is so critical for central banks. Meanwhile, on the demand side, you've got all of these tailwinds, but look at what you have on the supply side. Discoveries in gold are so few and far between. Anything of size is rarer than a hen's tooth.์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๋„์ธ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ค‘๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์  ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งค๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ๋ฒ ํŒ…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํˆฌ์ž์€ํ–‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ๊ฒฌ์ง€๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์กฐ๊ตญ ํ›ˆ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์˜ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์ˆ˜์š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆœํ’ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋“œ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ญ์˜ ์ด๋นจ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํฌ๊ท€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And the fact is to be able to take a mine, well, to be able to take a prospect to what ultimately is a producing mine has been variously estimated at between 1,000 to [ 10,000:1 ] against the explorer. Meanwhile, if you are lucky enough, on average, it takes 20 years plus to be able to take that project from a discovery through to a mine. In other words, in terms of supply coming out into the market from gold companies, number one, the horse has already left the barn. Number two, we won't have to see the results of that for 20 years. And unlike hydrocarbons, you have no large trapped spaces where you have the hydrocarbons, but you have to figure out how to get it out.ํƒ์‚ฌ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ ํƒ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด์—๊ฒŒ 1,000๋Œ€ 1์—์„œ 10,000๋Œ€ 1 ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์šด์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์—์„œ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ 20๋…„ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์†Œ์š”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ๊ธˆ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ด๋ฏธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” 20๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ €์žฅ๋œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฐ€ํ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ถœํ• ์ง€๋งŒ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It just doesn't exist in gold. In other words, depending on your point of view, it's either the perfect alignment of stars or it's the perfect storm. One way or the other, I have no doubt that every portfolio manager is going to end up having an allocation to gold. Do I think they're going to go back to 10% to 15% as was the norm through the 1970s? Well, if we even approached a few percent, gold will already probably be 5 digits. So let's discuss what a real bull market looks like and why someone who does have spending can explain his view, I could be completely wrong.๊ธˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ๊ด€์ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ณ„๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ ฌ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํญํ’์šฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋А ์ชฝ์ด๋“ , ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด 1970๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋˜ 10%์—์„œ 15%๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋А๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ํผ์„ผํŠธ์—๋ผ๋„ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ธˆ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 5์ž๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์žฅ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ธ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์ถœ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์™œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's a forward-looking statement, probably should say, you know, don't listen to what I'm saying, but let's look at the next slide. Let's look at Slide 13. Slide 13 is the Dow Jones since the 1970s. And what you see in that bull market is almost imperceptibly the Dow breaking out of what was a 30-year trading range between $800 and $1,000, breaking above $1,000. Now the old-timers who knew that you go short when that happens, we're blown away by the young people with red braces or suspenders who thought, this time is different. And here's the thing about this time is different.์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ „๋ง์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค์Œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 13์„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 13์€ 1970๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๋‹ค์šฐ์กด์Šค ์ง€์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์šฐ๊ฐ€ 800๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 1,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ 30๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ŒํŒŒํ•˜์—ฌ 1,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๋งค๋„๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฒ ํ…Œ๋ž‘๋“ค์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๋ฉœ๋นต์„ ํ•œ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์••๋„๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์€ '์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ '์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
A lot of us will say, yes, when you hear to that, you think of people drinking Kool-Aid except for one simple fact, every reversal is characterized by that time indeed being different. And that's what happened to the Dow in the 1980s. As a curiosity, I want you to go back and look towards the mid-1980s. And maybe you need glasses, but look at that blip, that blip, which fairly is noticeable. That is the crash of 1987, that a lot of us thought was going to be the harbinger of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. That you can't even see it as the Dow marched from 1,000 to a 45-plus LEAP in value over the decades. Now I don't think this is a spoiler alert.๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด "์ฟจ์—์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐ˜์ „์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ๋‹ค์šฐ์ง€์ˆ˜์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„, 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์ž‘์€ ๊ธ‰๋ฝ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ฝค ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธ‰๋ฝ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ 1987๋…„ ๋Œ€ํญ๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข…๋ง์˜ ๋„ค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „๋ น์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ํญ๋ฝ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์šฐ์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ 1,000์—์„œ 45๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋„์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ทธ ํญ๋ฝ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์Šคํฌ์ผ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's entirely possible that we will see something similar happening in gold. I think it was announced yesterday that for the first time the gold in Fort Knox is worth over $1 trillion. That's interesting. But what's fascinating is that gold has now surpassed the euro as the second largest global reserve asset. Now many of you will say, well, that's because of the price appreciation. And my answer to that would be, yes, no kidding.๊ธˆ์—์„œ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํฌํŠธ ๋…น์Šค์˜ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ 1์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋”์šฑ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธˆ์ด ์ด์ œ ์œ ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ œ์น˜๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ค€๋น„์ž์‚ฐ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด "๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ƒ์Šน ๋•Œ๋ฌธ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ƒ"๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ํ…๋ฐ์š”. ์ œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์€ "๋„ค, ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ฃ "์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
However, we really do have to understand that this is a major, major statement about the reappraisal of gold as a monetary asset at a time when we are in the world in unchartered waters, not just in terms of the financial markets and debt, trade and, of course, geopolitical trends, which are unlike anything that we've seen since the end of the second world war. But I'd like to quote Ray Dalio, who I think is really probably the best applied historian of those who are in the financial world. Gold is now the second largest reserve currency behind the U.S. dollar. To understand why, you need to look at the history of fiat currencies like the dollar and hard currencies like gold.ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธˆ์„ ํ™”ํ ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ์–ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ฑ„, ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๋™ํ–ฅ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„ ์ œ2์ฐจ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Œ€์ „ ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต๊ณ„์—์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์‘์šฉ ์—ญ์‚ฌํ•™์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์€ ์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์ด์–ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ์ค€๋น„ํ†ตํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ•์ •ํ†ตํ™”์™€ ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝํ™”(็กฌ่ฒจ)์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The way I see it, we're currently facing a classic currency devaluation similar to what we saw in the 1970s or in the 1930s. In both of those cases, fiat currencies around the world all went down together and also went down in relationship to hard currencies like gold. Now what does that mean? Years ago, when gold still supported a 1,000 handle, Ray Dalio said that "anyone who doesn't own gold either doesn't understand economics or the history of gold." And not wanting to be cast as a gold bug, he put it in a very sober way and just said, "you should own some gold" which, of course, was echoing things that I said, and of course, other great proponents of gold as well.์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 1970๋…„๋Œ€๋‚˜ 1930๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋ดค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํ†ตํ™” ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆํ•˜์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฒ•์ •ํ™”ํ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝํ™”(hard currency) ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „ ๊ธˆ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ 1,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋ ˆ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” "๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ ๊ด‘์‹ ๋„๋กœ ๋น„์ถฐ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ "๊ธˆ์„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ณด์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ง๋“ค๊ณผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ธˆ ์ง€์ง€์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We were hardly unique, but we probably could have fit into a relatively small restaurant or a dining table. But in any event, what we're seeing now is an epic reversal in the same way as the Dow going to $3,000 and having a correction that took it down and anyone who held and just basically said that's a correction, some had the perspicacity to say, I'm going to buy more. But those who understood that this is the natural cycle and held it, have had one of the great generational trades in world history. I believe that the same is taking place in gold itself now. I don't believe that we're in nosebleed territory, of course, we can have a correction. We will, at some point along the continuum.์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ž‘์€ ์‹๋‹น์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ํƒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋ชจ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์šฐ์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 3,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋ณด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ '์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ์ •์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•ด '๋” ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ์ดํด์ž„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์  ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ธˆ ์ž์ฒด์—์„œ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์—ด ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์กฐ์ •์€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์†์„ ์ƒ์˜ ์–ด๋А ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And I would argue people should keep some powder dry and when that correction comes, have the guts, don't freak out, have the guts to add to that position because the next wave up is going to be very, very sweet. This is going to be a very, very long wave in gold. I didn't want to -- I thought about that for years, alluded to it, didn't want to say it until I thought, at least I have the credibility for my first phase to be in place. Now what does that mean for NovaGold shareholders? Well, the great news is that it has the potential to give NovaGold and the very, very few large-scale, well-managed, high-grade, high-volume assets to be able to get by far the premium rating in the space.๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ์œ  ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์ •์ด ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ๊ฒ๋จน์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์–ด ํ•ด๋‹น ํฌ์ง€์…˜์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ƒ์Šน ํŒŒ๋„๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธˆ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ํŒŒ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์™”๊ณ  ์•”์‹œํ•ด์™”์ง€๋งŒ, ์ ์–ด๋„ ์ œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด NovaGold ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ NovaGold์™€ ๊ทน์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ, ์ž˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์œ„, ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ์ž์‚ฐ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์—ฐ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I do believe that we will see U.S. assets be valued. If they have exploration potential for sure, with 0% discount rates because of jurisdictional safety. The flip side of that as one who did really well in Latin America and Africa is that I do believe that in most countries, certainly those where the rule of law is more of a novelty like in West Africa, which we're seeing, but it's also happening in other places, gold mines are going to be nationalized. And this would be extremely sad. There is nothing worse than all of you who are bullish on gold may even have bought into a great asset. I'm not saying that there aren't really excellent assets in unsafe jurisdictions.์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž์‚ฐ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํƒ์‚ฌ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‚ฐ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 0% ํ• ์ธ์œจ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ผํ‹ด์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค, ํŠนํžˆ ์„œ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฒ•์น˜์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์‹ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ ๊ณณ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” - ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ - ๊ธˆ๊ด‘๋“ค์ด ๊ตญ์œ ํ™”๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์•ˆํƒ€๊นŒ์šด ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ด์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์…จ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์— ์ •๋ง ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ž์‚ฐ๋“ค์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But then have it taken away from you because they were great assets in places where the government basically said, wait a minute, you're minting money. You're really minting money. It's not a slogan. We want that. It's force majeure. It's a choice between your shareholders and our shareholders, which is our population. And I tell you there won't be any governments which will have any sway with these governments when they pull off that trip. We've seen it. And no matter what your relationships are in that country, it won't mean anything. Mark Bristow did more to put Mali on the map than any other human. They rewarded him with his fidelity and his charisma, by basically stealing the asset.ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ž์‚ฐ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ "์ž ๊น, ๋‹น์‹ ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ฐ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”. ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฐ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ์Šฌ๋กœ๊ฑด์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋นผ์•—๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์„ ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ผ ๋•Œ ์ด๋“ค ์ •๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„๋ฌด ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ์šฐ(Mark Bristow)๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋ง๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ํ›”์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Mongolia tried to do the same with Bob Friedland. We saw what's happened to companies with assets in Panama, in Guatemala. This is a contagion, it's a disease because when governments, whether they're autocrats or democracies, see someone else being able to get a better deal, they have to be able to respond by giving at least as good a deal to their own shareholders or have the risk of being accused of being in the mining company's pocket or simply not attending to the needs of their people.๋ชฝ๊ณจ๋„ ๋ฐฅ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“ค๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒ๋‚˜๋งˆ์™€ ๊ณผํ…Œ๋ง๋ผ์— ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ด์ž ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋…์žฌ์ •๊ถŒ์ด๋“  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ •๊ถŒ์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ž๊ตญ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So again, this is a public service announcement from someone who's been there and seen what these countries are like and managed to get out with 100x returns in silver, in Latin America, in platinum and palladium in Africa. And gold, I sold Kibali to Mark Bristow, wonderful mine. I hope and wish for the best for Barrick in Congo. Also in Pakistan, these are different philosophies, but my attitude is I have adopted Woody Allen's famous line. I'm not afraid of death, I just don't want to be there when it happens.๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ์ธ์ง€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์€๊ด‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ, ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ํŒ”๋ผ๋“์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ 100๋ฐฐ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ณต์ต ์ฐจ์›์˜ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ €๋Š” ํ‚ค๋ฐœ๋ฆฌ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์„ ๋งˆํฌ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ์šฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์ด์ฃ . ์ฝฉ๊ณ ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ฆญ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒ ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ œ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ์šฐ๋”” ์•จ๋Ÿฐ์˜ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค."
And why would I want to when for all the reasons that Greg Lang is going to be laying out, you have everything that you could possibly want for a high-octane, high-volume, high-grade, low-cost producer in the safest jurisdiction in the world or as we'll see on the next slide, Slide 14, what we call maximum leverage to gold, but in a jurisdiction that will allow you to keep the fruits of that leverage.๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Greg Lang์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์œ ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์˜ฅํƒ„, ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์œ„, ์ €๋น„์šฉ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๋กœ์„œ ์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์ธ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 14์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์—์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Now what you see here is with gold at $3,500, you have at 0% discount rate, $50 billion, and that makes no allowance for the extraordinary inevitable exploration upside that we have at Donlin, so much so that I contend that it's entirely possible, forward-looking statement, disregard everything I'm about to say that the next Donlin will be found at Donlin. Only 5% of that district has been explored. Only 3 kilometers of 8-kilometer mineralized belt, the 5% has the 40-plus million ounces of gold that we already believe can add tens of millions of ounces.์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด 3,500๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ผ ๋•Œ, ํ• ์ธ์œจ 0%์—์„œ 500์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์ธ ํƒ์‚ฌ ์ƒ์Šน ์—ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ํ™•์‹คํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” - ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ „๋ง ์ง„์ˆ ์ด๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋‹จ 5%๋งŒ์ด ํƒ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 8ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊ด‘ํ™”๋Œ€ ์ค‘ ๋‹จ 3ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋งŒ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด 5%์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ 4์ฒœ๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So when you think that 95% is unexplored, now you understand between that and being based in the United States in one of the safest jurisdictions, you can see why I do believe a 0% discount rate will be justified. But even so, we're nearly $20 billion at an NPV 5 for Donlin. The $12 to $15 target that we set as Phase 1 for the doubling of NovaGold is not unreasonable by any stretch. I hope it will prove to be cautious. One thing that I would say is for us, as investors in this space for over 30 years, you want to seek great assets in great places with management that knows how to build things and shareholders, I must say, who are aligned. And you have all of that in NovaGold.95%๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธํƒ์‚ฌ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด, ์™œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ 0% ํ• ์ธ์œจ์ด ์ •๋‹นํ™”๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„, ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์˜ NPV 5%๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ฐ”๊ณจ๋“œ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ฐฐ์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 1๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ 120์–ต~150์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋ช…๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ 30๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์˜จ ์ €ํฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š”, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„๊ณผ - ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ - ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ข‹์€ ์ž…์ง€์˜ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ฐ”๊ณจ๋“œ์—๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So before Greg goes more granular, this is why you're going to see what we hope to be a steady stream of good news that will more than make up for lost time, but take us on the path to building America's largest gold mine. We are already working with top-tier firms to be able to position us for the bankable feasibility study. The bankable feasibility study will be coinciding with advanced engineering. We hope to begin construction in 2027, 2030 being our target for production. I also have to point out that in the first 10 years, we'll be producing roughly 1.4 million ounces a year. That's why we'll be the largest in the country.Greg์ด ๋” ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊พธ์ค€ํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค์€ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋งŒํšŒํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ๋‚จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘ ๊ฑด์„ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ๋„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์€ํ–‰ ์‹คํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(bankable feasibility study)๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํฌ์ง€์…”๋‹์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์€ํ–‰ ์‹คํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋ง๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2027๋…„์— ๊ฑด์„ค์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ 2030๋…„์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฒซ 10๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝ 140๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But it's entirely possible that we would be able to sustain that production. We start with a 28-year mine life. So for all of the reasons that you see, we are very, very comfortable that this project will be able to be financed sovereign wealth funds. It's entirely possible that governments closer to home may take a very great interest in this strategic asset. They're offtake providers.ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ง€์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 28๋…„์˜ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์œ ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋ถ€ํŽ€๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๊ตญ์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ „๋žต์  ์ž์‚ฐ์— ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And of course, we believe that the equity will be a multiple of where it is today when we have the construction decision and that we will be comfortably positioned to be able to pull the trigger and really enjoy the fruits of what we and our native corporation partners and Alaska have been waiting for so long. And with that, I will pass the baton to my brother in arms, Greg Lang. Greg Lang
President, CEO & Non-Independent Director

All right. Thank you, Tom. Next, I'd like to introduce Peter Adamek, our Chief Financial Officer, to cover the third quarter highlights. Peter Adamek
CFO & VP

Thank you, Greg. Turning to our operating performance on Slide 17.
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์‹์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์˜จ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ธฐ์—… ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์˜จ ๊ฒฐ์‹ค์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ œ ๋™์ง€์ธ ๊ทธ๋ ‰ ๋žญ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”ํ†ค์„ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ ‰ ๋žญ
์‚ฌ์žฅ, CEO ๊ฒธ ๋น„๋…๋ฆฝ์ด์‚ฌ

์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ†ฐ, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ตœ๊ณ ์žฌ๋ฌด์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์•„๋‹ค๋ฉ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ”ผํ„ฐ ์•„๋‹ค๋ฉ•
CFO ๊ฒธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ

๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‰. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 17์˜ ์šด์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
NovaGold reported a net loss of $15.6 million in the third quarter of 2025. This represents an increase of $4.9 million from the comparable prior year period primarily due to higher field expenses at Donlin Gold and higher general and administrative expenses. NovaGold's third quarter results reflect the company's 60% interest in Donlin Gold following the closing of the acquisition of an additional 10% of Donlin Gold at the beginning of the quarter on June 03, 2025. Donlin Gold expenses in the third quarter and the first 9 months of 2025 were higher with increased site activity in 2025 compared to the prior year when field activities were minimal.๋…ธ๋ฐ”๊ณจ๋“œ๋Š” 2025๋…„ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ์— 1,560๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ˆœ์†์‹ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ „๋…„ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋น„ 490๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ(Donlin Gold)์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ ๋น„์šฉ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋น„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ฐ”๊ณจ๋“œ์˜ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ ์€ 2025๋…„ 6์›” 3์ผ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์— ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ์ง€๋ถ„ 10%๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์ดํ›„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ 60% ์ง€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2025๋…„ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ๋ฐ 9๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ตœ์†Œํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ „๋…„ ๋Œ€๋น„ 2025๋…„ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ™œ๋™ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋” ๋†’์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
General and administrative expenses increased in the third quarter from the comparable prior year primarily due to higher share-based compensation, partially offset by lower professional fees. Turning to Slide 18. Our treasury decreased by $193.5 million to $125.2 million at the end of the third quarter primarily due to the closing of the acquisition of an additional 10% of Donlin Gold. This was partially offset by the exercise of an over-allotment option from our May equity offering providing an additional $25.5 million to the company in the third quarter.์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋น„๋Š” 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ์— ์ „๋…„ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณด์ƒ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ฌธ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ƒ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 18๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ์•ก์€ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ๋ง ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ 1์–ต 9,350๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ 1์–ต 2,520๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ(Donlin Gold) ์ง€๋ถ„ 10% ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 5์›” ์ง€๋ถ„ ๊ณต๋ชจ์—์„œ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ฐฐ์ •์˜ต์…˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ์— ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ 2,550๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ƒ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Consideration paid and transaction costs incurred totaling $210.1 million for the 10% acquisition of Donlin Gold were capitalized to the company's investment in Donlin Gold. Excluding the Donlin acquisition and over-allotment exercise, corporate G&A costs during the third quarter declined by $0.3 million, and our share of Donlin Gold funding increased by $5.2 million due to the company's increased Donlin Gold funding obligation and increased site activity in 2025. Moving to Slide 19. As discussed on the previous slide, our treasury decreased to $125 million at the end of the third quarter.๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ 10% ์ง€๋ถ„ ์ธ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์™€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋น„์šฉ์„ ํ•ฉ์ณ ์ด 2์–ต 1,010๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ํˆฌ์ž์— ์ž๋ณธํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ์ธ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๋ฐฐ์ • ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ , 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์—… ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋น„๋Š” 30๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ์˜๋ฌด ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ 2025๋…„ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ™œ๋™ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ธˆ์ด 520๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 19๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๋‹น์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ์•ก์€ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ๋ง ๊ธฐ์ค€ 1์–ต 2,500๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Following the acquisition of an additional 10% of Donlin Gold on June 3, a reexamination of the Donlin Gold budget was completed by the current owners of the project. Some activities that were originally planned for 2025 were redirected to support work on the bankable feasibility study with no material impact expected on Donlin Gold's previously announced $43 million budget for 2025. As such, NovaGold's pro rata share of Donlin Gold's $43 million budget has increased to $24 million in light of the company's incremental 10% funding obligation starting in the third quarter.6์›” 3์ผ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ(Donlin Gold)์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ 10% ์ง€๋ถ„ ์ธ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›๋ž˜ 2025๋…„์— ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™œ๋™๋“ค์ด ๋ฑ…์ปค๋ธ” ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(bankable feasibility study) ์ง€์› ์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „์— ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ 2025๋…„ 4,300๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์—๋Š” ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ 10% ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ์˜๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ์˜ 4,300๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ฐ”๊ณจ๋“œ์˜ ๋น„๋ก€ ์ง€๋ถ„์€ 2,400๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Our share of funding for Donlin Gold in the first 9 months of 2025 was $18.5 million, which is in line with the revised 2025 guidance. Also, as a result of the closing of the Donlin Gold transaction, we expect to incur higher professional fees for the year, resulting in an increase of NovaGold's 2025 corporate G&A costs to $18 million from our previous guidance of $16 million. I will now turn the presentation over to Greg to discuss third quarter highlights. Greg Lang
President, CEO & Non-Independent Director

It was a very active quarter for NovaGold and Donlin. In September, we completed the 18,000-plus meter drill program.
2025๋…„ ์ฒซ 9๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ Donlin Gold์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ ์ง€์› ๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ธˆ์€ 1,850๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ, ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ 2025๋…„ ๊ฐ€์ด๋˜์Šค์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ Donlin Gold ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์˜ฌํ•ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ „๋ฌธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด NovaGold์˜ 2025๋…„ ๊ธฐ์—… ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฐ€์ด๋˜์Šค์ธ 1,600๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ 1,800๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Greg์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Greg Lang
์‚ฌ์žฅ, CEO ๊ฒธ ๋น„๋…๋ฆฝ ์ด์‚ฌ

NovaGold์™€ Donlin์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 9์›”์— 18,000๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‹œ์ถ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This program employed over 80 people, including locals from 22 villages in the region that supported drilling, logistics, environmental monitoring and other site activities. We hosted numerous visits during the quarter. We had 5 separate visits. These included tours with investors and analysts. We had an owner's tour with our partners, Calista and TKC, and we've met with people that can provide infrastructure support to advance the project. In addition, Donlin welcomed the Crooked Creek Traditional Tribal Council to visit the site. This is the closest community to the project.์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์‹œ์ถ”, ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ˜„์žฅ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ 22๊ฐœ ๋งˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ 80๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฃผ์ตœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด 5์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ๋ณ„๋„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์ž ๋ฐ ์• ๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ํˆฌ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์ธ Calista์™€ TKC์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ ํˆฌ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ถ”์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ Donlin์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ Crooked Creek Traditional Tribal Council์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Other tourists included representatives from the State of Alaska, the Congressional delegation as well as representatives from Senator Murkowski, Sullivan and Senator Begich offices. Additionally, we finalized more shared value statements with communities in the region, increasing this total to 19. We continue to build on the progress in our aquatic habitat restoration project and improved access for the local resident fish areas impacted by historic placer mining. And lastly, Donlin continued to be active in a variety of community events that celebrated cultural preservation, strengthened stakeholder relationships and promoted the economic and social well-being of the people in the region.๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋“ค๋กœ๋Š” ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ์ฃผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋‹จ, ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์˜ํšŒ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋‹จ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋จธ์ฝ”์Šคํ‚ค ์ƒ์›์˜์›, ์„ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ˜ ์ƒ์›์˜์›, ๋ฒ ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์ƒ์›์˜์› ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋“ค์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๊ณต์œ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์„ฑ๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข… ํ™•์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 19๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ƒ ์„œ์‹์ง€ ๋ณต์› ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ง„์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ๊ธˆ ์ฑ„๊ตด๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ† ์ฐฉ ์–ด๋ฅ˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์€ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋ณด์กด์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์ž ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Turning to Slide 22. The completion of the drill program, which was expanded to support the new resource model and advancement of the bankable feasibility study reinforces our project's long-term development strategy. This year's program with initial results confirming consistent mineralization across multiple zones including the top 5 intervals with grades ranging from about 4 grams up to 23 grams per tonne.์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 22๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž์› ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๊ณ  ์€ํ–‰ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง„์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™•์žฅ๋œ ์‹œ์ถ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ „๋žต์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ณต๊ณ ํžˆ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๊ด‘๋ฌผํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์œ„ 5๊ฐœ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ’ˆ์œ„๋Š” ํ†ค๋‹น ์•ฝ 4๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ 23๊ทธ๋žจ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The drilling focused on 3 principal activities: grid drilling to further assist the mine planning efforts; in-pit exploration drilling focused on enhancing the geologic modeling and supporting resource conversion; and finally, geotechnical drilling for pit wall stability and mine design material sites for the access road from the port to the Donlin Gold site. Reclamation of all of the excavations from this program have been completed. Turning to permitting and litigation-related activities. We have submitted the preliminary design package to the state agencies and the process is underway. This will complete the submission for the tailings dam and related water retention structures.์‹œ์ถ” ์ž‘์—…์€ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ํ™œ๋™์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฉ์ž ์‹œ์ถ”, ์ง€์งˆํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์ž์› ์ „ํ™˜ ์ง€์›์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฐฑ๋‚ด ํƒ์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ถ”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐฑ๋ฒฝ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ณจ๋“œ ํ˜„์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ง„์ž…๋กœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ž์žฌ ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐ˜๊ณตํ•™ ์‹œ์ถ”์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตด์ฐฉ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์†Œ์†ก ๊ด€๋ จ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์— ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์„ค๊ณ„ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ €์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ์ถœ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
In the state litigation, we continue to support the agencies in defending their issuance of the Donlin's water rights, pipeline and 401 Certification. The case is challenging. These aspects of the project have been fully briefed and argued before the Alaska Supreme Court with decisions anticipated in 2026. In the federal litigation, the District Court issued an order on remedy denying the request to vacate the permits and remanding the case to the agencies to supplement the NEPA analysis. The court retained jurisdiction over the case during this remand and ordered the agencies to file updates within the court.์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€ ์†Œ์†ก์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„๋‚ ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ถŒ, ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐ 401 ์ธ์ฆ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์—์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์„œ๋ฉด ์ œ์ถœ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€๋ก ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2026๋…„์— ํŒ๊ฒฐ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์†Œ์†ก์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์›์ด ๊ตฌ์ œ์ฑ…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , NEPA ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ™˜์†กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์›์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ™˜์†ก ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ•์›์— ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We understand the regulatory aspect, Donlin Gold and its partners are committed to supporting the state and federal agencies in the defense of our permits. My next few slides really touch on the highlights of Donlin Gold and its key attributes that make the project unique. Turning to Slide 25. Donlin will be a big mine. It will average over 1 million ounces a year throughout its 27-year mine life with cash costs well below industry averages. Not only is it big, but it's great grade at 2.25 grams, is one of the highest grade undeveloped open pit deposits in the industry.๊ทœ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, Donlin Gold์™€ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์–ด์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ „๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š” Donlin Gold์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ดํŠธ์™€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ 25๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Donlin์€ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 27๋…„์˜ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ช… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  100๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์—…๊ณ„ ํ‰๊ท ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜ํšŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, 2.25๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ’ˆ์œ„๋Š” ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋…ธ์ฒœ์ฑ„๊ตด ๊ด‘์ƒ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํ’ˆ์œ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
As our Chairman articulated, we had tremendous exploration potential, both at depth along strike and within a district, which is substantially underexplored. Alaska is a great place to do business. It's a state that understands and supports a well-established tradition of responsible mining. Our project is on private land owned by 2 Alaska Native Corporations. We have life of mine agreements in place with both of them. Our federal permits are in hand and state permitting, what little remains is well on track. We're committed to environmental storage ship and the well-being of our people and our communities.์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์žฅ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํžŒ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ์ฃผํ–ฅ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ง ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ด‘๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํƒ์‚ฌ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ„๊ตด์˜ ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์œ ์ง€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜‘์ •์„ ์ฒด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‚จ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ณ  ์ˆœ์กฐ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง์›๋“ค ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€์— ์ „๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We've long enjoyed strong support from our dedicated long-term institutional investors. Donlin is a strategic asset. As envisioned today, it would be America's largest gold mine. Of all the developing projects out in the industry, none have a production profile approaching that of Donlin. Its first 10 years will average 1.4 million ounces a year followed by many decades over 1 million ounces per year. Turning to the next slide. Grade really separates Donlin from the other development gold projects. At grades of 2.25 grams, it's better than double the global industry average grade, which is just barely over 1 gram. It's this high grade that contributes to the low cash cost.์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ํ—Œ์‹ ์ ์ธ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์€ ์ „๋žต์  ์ž์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตฌ์ƒ๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—…๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ 10๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  140๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 100๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ’ˆ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2.25๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํ’ˆ์œ„๋กœ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ 1๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์—…๊ณ„ ํ‰๊ท  ํ’ˆ์œ„์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋น„์šฉ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This slide depicts the mineralized trend at Donlin. The 40 million ounces are contained in and around the ACMA and Lewis ore bodies. The remaining 5 kilometers of the 8-kilometer trend has gold-bearing intercepts already in place. When the time is right, we will resume drilling a long trend, and we will continue to explore the remaining areas of the property. Yes. Alaska is a great place to do business. While we were up in Alaska with the new owners, the Paulson team, we met with the governor and he reiterated the importance of Donlin to the State of Alaska. Alaska is already the second largest gold producing state in the U.S. with the well-supported and well-served mining industry.์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋Š” ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ด‘๋ฌผํ™” ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 4์ฒœ๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค๋Š” ACMA์™€ ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ๊ด‘์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๋งค์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 8ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ ์ค‘ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 5ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธˆ ํ•จ์œ  ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ธด ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹œ์ถ”๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ฐœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋„ค, ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ์ธ ํด์Šจ ํŒ€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ง€์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์ด ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์žฌ์ฐจ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ๊ธˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ฃผ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž˜ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์ž˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋˜๋Š” ๊ด‘์—… ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's one of the top jurisdictions globally where it ranks third out of over 8 jurisdictions. The Donlin project is on private land, which is owned by 2 Alaska Native Corporations. Calista owns mineral rights and TKC owns the surface rights. This land was transferred to the native corporations for their economic self-determination and it was designated for mining-related activities. In essence, they have a treaty with the U.S. government that permits mining to occur on what is now their land. Permitting is an arduous process in the United States, one we know very well.์ด๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์œ„๊ถŒ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ, 8๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ถŒ ์ค‘์—์„œ 3์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์œ ์ง€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นผ๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€(Calista)๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฌผ๊ถŒ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, TKC๋Š” ์ง€์ƒ๊ถŒ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ† ์ง€๋Š” ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ž๊ฒฐ๊ถŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–‘๋„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘์—… ๊ด€๋ จ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ† ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ฑ„๊ตด์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์™€์˜ ํ˜‘์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Our key federal permits are in hand and the final state permits related to the tailings dam and water retention structures are well advanced, and we anticipate receiving these remaining permits well in advance of completing the bankable feasibility study. Our environmental, social and governance track record is impeccable. We have a well-diversified Board. The Donlin site has worked over a decade without a lost time accident. We value our people and we value the environment and that's reflected in all of our activities. NovaGold has always enjoyed strong institutional shareholder support. And this is true to this day. Over 60% of our shares are held within the top 10.์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ ๋ฐ ์ €์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ตœ์ข… ์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ง„์ „๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์€ํ–‰ ์œต์ž ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์•ž์„œ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์‚ฌํšŒ, ์ง€๋ฐฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ(ESG) ์‹ค์ ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ์ž˜ ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ง„ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์žฅ์€ 10๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์†์‹ค ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์—†์ด ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ €ํฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ™œ๋™์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. NovaGold๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ํˆฌ์ž์ž ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ์ฃผ์‹์˜ 60% ์ด์ƒ์ด ์ƒ์œ„ 10๋Œ€ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ณด์œ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And you can see on the list very well-informed well-seasoned gold investors who understand the depth of the opportunity that NovaGold brings to our shareholders. Upcoming catalysts for the company now that we have the new ownership structure in place, and the project's future is in focus. We are building on this momentum as we enter the next phase of development to maximize the value proposition of Donlin Gold and the exceptional leverage we bring. Our near-term catalysts include awarding a contract for the bankable feasibility study by year-end. The selection process for this is well advanced.๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชฉ๋ก์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ NovaGold๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ •ํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ธˆ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์œ  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ •๋˜๊ณ  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์ง„ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด‰๋งค ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Donlin Gold์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ œ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ์›”ํ•œ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํ…€์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์ด‰๋งค ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์€ํ–‰ ์ธ์ • ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(bankable feasibility study) ๊ณ„์•ฝ ์ฒด๊ฒฐ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ์ • ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ง„์ „๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We also anticipate releasing the drill results that remain from the program we completed in September. We are gearing up discussions to evaluate potential financing sources. To support these activities, we are building out the project team for Donlin. And finally, we continue to support the state and federal agencies as they defend the permits they issued following a very rigorous process. We continue to engage with stakeholders throughout the state of Alaska, and we remain committed to being transparent in addressing the issues that are important to them. Thank you. We will now open the lines for questions.9์›”์— ์™„๋ฃŒํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‚จ์€ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ์žฌ์  ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™œ๋™๋“ค์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ํŒ€์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋งค์šฐ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์ฃผ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ณ„์† ์ „๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์งˆ์˜์‘๋‹ต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“Œ ์š”์•ฝ

Here are the key points from the earnings call transcript in Korean:

โ€ข ์žฌ๋ฌด ์‹ค์ 
- 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์ˆœ์†์‹ค 1,560๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ธฐ๋ก (์ „๋…„ ๋Œ€๋น„ 490๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€)
- ํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ์•ก 1์–ต 2,520๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ (Donlin Gold 10% ์ง€๋ถ„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ)
- 2025๋…„ ๊ธฐ์—… ์šด์˜๋น„์šฉ ๊ฐ€์ด๋˜์Šค 1,800๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ •

โ€ข ์‚ฌ์—… ์ง„ํ–‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ
- Donlin Gold ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ 18,000๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ถ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์™„๋ฃŒ
- ์—ฐ๋‚ด ์‹คํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(BFS) ๊ณ„์•ฝ ์ฒด๊ฒฐ ์˜ˆ์ •
- 2027๋…„ ๊ฑด์„ค ์ฐฉ๊ณต, 2030๋…„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ฐœ์‹œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ

โ€ข ์ „๋žต์  ๊ฐ•์ 
- ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ง (์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 140๋งŒ ์˜จ์Šค ์ƒ์‚ฐ)
- ํ‰๊ท  ํ’ˆ์œ„ 2.25g/t๋กœ ์—…๊ณ„ ํ‰๊ท ์˜ 2๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ
- ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์ฃผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์—… ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ทœ์ œ ์ง€์›

โ€ข ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ „๋ง
- ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ƒ์Šน ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€
- ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ํŒŒ์ด๋‚ธ์‹ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘
- ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ•ํ™”


โ“ Q&A

Original Translation
Operator: [Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Soundarya Iyer with B. Riley Securities.**Operator:** [์šด์˜์ž ์•ˆ๋‚ด] ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ B. Riley Securities์˜ Soundarya Iyer๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Soundarya Iyer: B. Riley Securities, Inc., Research Division Congratulations on the quarter. I'm Soundarya on behalf of Nick Giles from B. Riley Securities. Just touching on the exploration drill results, so I mean all of the top 5 drill results are like impressive and above the current resource grade with high-grade intervals up to 23 grams a tonne. Could you provide more color on how these results compare to your resource model expectations and the continuity of the ore body?**Soundarya Iyer:** ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ ์„ ์ถ•ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. B. Riley Securities์˜ Nick Giles๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ Soundarya์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์œ„ 5๊ฐœ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ์ž์› ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์ƒํšŒํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ†ค๋‹น ์ตœ๋Œ€ 23๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์œ„ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ž์› ๋ชจ๋ธ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜์™€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„๊ต๋˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด‘์ฒด์˜ ์—ฐ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director Sure. Yes, thank you for joining the call this morning. We are very pleased with the results. A couple of things to point out with them. We were drilling under-explored areas of the pit and we encountered mineralization in areas that were previously modeled as waste. So it demonstrates the potential that still exists in and around the known ore bodies. The best place to look for gold is in a gold mine, and we're certainly demonstrating that. The other important aspect to point out about the drilling is one of the analysts took all of the intercepts and added them up and averaged them and they came out just under 4 grams. And I think when you look at that random sampling of 4 grams over 18,000 meters and you compare that to the average grade of Donlin at 2.25 grams, just random drill results really demonstrate that there's still upside potential at the Donlin ore bodies and that we're further drilling, which we anticipate doing over time, and we expect to continue to increase and enhance our knowledge of the ore body.**Greg Lang:** ๋„ค, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ฑ„๊ตด์žฅ์˜ ๋ฏธํƒ์‚ฌ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ถ”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ „์— ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ด‘๋ฌผํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ด‘์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์€ ๊ธˆ๊ด‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ . ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹œ์ถ”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€์ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์€, ํ•œ ์• ๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ท ์„ ๋‚ด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 4๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 18,000๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๊ฑธ์นœ 4๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋ง์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ํ’ˆ์œ„์ธ 2.25๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ด‘์ฒด์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ์Šน ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ถ”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ด‘์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Soundarya Iyer: B. Riley Securities, Inc., Research Division Just to follow on that one. So are we planning to update the resource and incorporate these drill results before we put out a bankable feasibility study?**Soundarya Iyer:** ์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ์€ํ–‰ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(bankable feasibility study)๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž์›๋Ÿ‰์„ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ธ์ง€์š”?
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director Well, we are -- we've released the results of about half of the assays from this year's drill program. And probably within the next month, as the assays come in, we will release the balance of them. This -- the results from this year's drill program will be incorporated into the geologic model that we use to support the bankable feasibility study.**Greg Lang:** ์˜ฌํ•ด ์‹œ์ถ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ ๋‚ด์— ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค๋„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌํ•ด ์‹œ์ถ” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ์€ํ–‰ ์‹คํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(bankable feasibility study)๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์งˆํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Operator: The next question comes from [ David Lasinski ] with Accurate.**Operator:** ๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ Accurate์˜ David Lasinski๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Unknown Analyst: My question is to Tom Kaplan. To me, it seems like common sense that if I was a royalty company that I would approach NovaGold prematurely to get the best deal. So I guess my question is, can you elaborate on the interest in royalty companies as far as financing the project?**Unknown Analyst:** ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋กœ์—ดํ‹ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋ฉด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด NovaGold์— ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๋กœ์—ดํ‹ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
Thomas Kaplan: Well, first of all, thank you for the question. And typically speaking, I would cite Voltaire who said that common sense is not so common. However, the royalty companies do possess common sense. And I think it's very fair to say that should we wish to enter into a royalty or stream or any other instrument of that kind, we are pretty assured that, that would be forthcoming. The royalty companies do exhibit common sense. It's part of our business model.**Thomas Kaplan:** ์šฐ์„  ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ณผํ…Œ๋ฅด์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ์‹์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋กœ์—ดํ‹ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋กœ์—ดํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธˆ์œต์ƒํ’ˆ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ฃผ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋กœ์—ดํ‹ฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ์‹์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ €ํฌ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Unknown Analyst: And the second question is, have you contemplated these mini nuclear reactors instead of natural gas for power for Donlin? Have you explored that?**Unknown Analyst:** ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋Œ€์‹  ์†Œํ˜• ์›์ž๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ ฅ์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด๋ณด์…จ๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด๋ณด์…จ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director Sure. We've -- when we looked at powering the Donlin project, we've considered all options. And nuclear reactors, that's curiosity, but I think it's still many, many years out into the future. And natural gas remains really the best way of powering the Donlin site. There's a development that we're following with great interest up in Alaska. Next, the President has a keen interest in seeing a pipeline built to deliver natural gas from the North Slope into the Cook Inlet. And the Cook Inlet is where Donlin plans to import their natural gas. So this pipeline, if built, could certainly be very beneficial to the project to have a cheap Alaska-based source of natural gas. So we're following that very closely, and we will continue to monitor developments with the small-scale reactors. But like I said, I think that's many, many years away.**Greg Lang:** ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์ž๋กœ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์ง ์‹คํ˜„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ๋” ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋…ธ์Šค ์Šฌ๋กœํ”„์—์„œ ์ฟก ์ธ๋ ›์œผ๋กœ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๊ฑด์„ค์— ๊นŠ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฟก ์ธ๋ ›์€ ๋ˆ๋ฆฐ์ด ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ผ์ธ์ด ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†Œํ˜• ์›์ž๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋งํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์ด๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ๋” ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Unknown Analyst: Okay. And congratulations on all the work you guys have been doing, and I really appreciate it.**Unknown Analyst:** ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•ด์˜ค์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ์ถ•ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Melanie Hennessey: Vice President of Corporate Communications Yes, we have some questions coming in from the line, from the webcast. The first coming in from [indiscernible]. I am so happy that John Paulson has joined. I know that this will accelerate the process. Is there any new projected date for construction to take place?**Melanie Hennessey:** ๋„ค, ์›น์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ [์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ]์—์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กด ํด์Šจ์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋‚ ์งœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director I think as outlined in our presentation today, our immediate focus is getting the bankable feasibility study contract awarded and taking that work off in 2026. We will complete that work in about 18 to 24 months, positioning us to make a construction decision. Once that decision is made, it would take about 4 years construction to build the site. So that puts commercial production somewhere around the year 2031.**Greg Lang:** ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ์ €ํฌ์˜ ๋‹น๋ฉด ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์€ํ–‰ ์œต์ž ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(bankable feasibility study) ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ฒด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  2026๋…„์— ํ•ด๋‹น ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž‘์—…์€ ์•ฝ 18๊ฐœ์›”์—์„œ 24๊ฐœ์›” ์ •๋„ ์†Œ์š”๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฅ ๊ฑด์„ค์— ์•ฝ 4๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€ 2031๋…„๊ฒฝ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Melanie Hennessey: Vice President of Corporate Communications We have a few questions coming in from Chris Gates. Any updates on the tailings dam permit? Do you expect any opposition?**Melanie Hennessey:** ๊ธฐ์—… ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๋‹ด๋‹น ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ Chris Gates์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director The tailings dam permit, just for background, that's the last remaining state permit. The federal permit authorizes us to disturb land, and that includes the tailings dam. But in Alaska, structures like that are administered by the state and require final engineered drawings before the state will issue the permits for operation. So we always knew it was an expensive permit to obtain because of the geotechnical drilling and the engineering to support the design. So we waited until that was later in the project line. Several years ago, we completed the geotechnical drilling. And we've submitted the preliminary design packages to the state and they're under review. So we anticipate we'll have these permits in hand well before the bankable feasibility study in done. And the state is very familiar with large-scale mining operations, and we expect these permits will be in hand in the normal course of the process.**Greg Lang:** ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์€ ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ† ์ง€ ๊ต๋ž€์„ ์Šน์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ตœ์ข… ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋ง ๋„๋ฉด์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ง€๋ฐ˜๊ณตํ•™ ์‹œ์ถ”์™€ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋ง ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ทจ๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ผ์ •์ƒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ง€๋ฐ˜๊ณตํ•™ ์‹œ์ถ”๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์„ค๊ณ„ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€์— ์ œ์ถœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(bankable feasibility study)๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๊ธฐ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ ์šด์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ ˆ์ฐจ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Melanie Hennessey: Vice President of Corporate Communications And then the final question also from the line of Chris Gates. Any updates on the Alaska Supreme Court decision?**Melanie Hennessey:** ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์› ํŒ๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์š”?
Greg Lang: President, CEO & Non-Independent Director No. The cases before the Supreme Court are fully briefed, and we are awaiting decisions. And we are optimistic that we will continue to prevail in the courts as we have every step of the way. But we are awaiting the decisions that could come at any time or it could be 6, 8 months into the future. So we're just anxiously awaiting that. I think that concludes our webcast for the third quarter. Thank you for taking the time to join us.**Greg Lang:** ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์— ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜ ์ค‘์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„œ๋ฉด์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์Šน์†Œํ•ด์™”๋“ฏ์ด ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚™๊ด€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋“  ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , 6๊ฐœ์›”์ด๋‚˜ 8๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ„์ ˆํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 3๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์›น์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Thomas Kaplan: Thank you, everyone.**Thomas Kaplan:** ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
Operator: This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating, and have a pleasant day.**Operator:** ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์ฝœ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋Š์œผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ข‹์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋˜์„ธ์š”.

๐Ÿ“Œ ์š”์•ฝ

โ€ข ์ฃผ์š” ํƒ์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ถ” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
- ํ˜„์žฌ ์ž์›๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ƒํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋„์ถœ (์ตœ๊ณ  23g/t)
- ํ‰๊ท  ํ’ˆ์œ„ 4g/t๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด ํ‰๊ท  2.25g/t ๋Œ€๋น„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜
- ํ์„์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ด‘์ฒด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ

โ€ข ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ผ์ •
- 2026๋…„ ์€ํ–‰ ์‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(BFS) ๊ณ„์•ฝ ์ฒด๊ฒฐ ์˜ˆ์ •
- BFS ์™„๋ฃŒ๊นŒ์ง€ 18-24๊ฐœ์›” ์†Œ์š” ์ „๋ง
- ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 4๋…„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ, 2031๋…„๊ฒฝ ์ƒ์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ฐœ์‹œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ

โ€ข ์ฃผ์š” ์ธํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ
- ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ ์ทจ๋“
- ๊ด‘๋ฏธ๋Œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€ ์ตœ์ข… ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘
- ์ง€์งˆ๊ณตํ•™ ์‹œ์ถ” ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์„ค๊ณ„ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€ ์ œ์ถœ ์ƒํƒœ
- BFS ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ „ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ทจ๋“ ์˜ˆ์ƒ

โ€ข ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๊ณ„ํš
- ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์˜ต์…˜์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€
- ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด North Slope-Cook Inlet ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ด€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ฃผ์‹œ ์ค‘
- ์†Œํ˜• ์›์ž๋กœ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋ ค